This page is not a re-teach. It holds only what the exam tests.
Each module tab has four parts: the one idea, "if the stem says, answer with", the look-alikes, and the traps.
Then take the mixed quiz. It has 51 items. Your 9 misses from M03 are inside it again.
Full lessons with tenant screenshots: m04 to m09 .kevinleonjouvin.com. This page links to none of the claude.ai pages.
| Step | Tool | Module |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Find sensitive data | Sensitive information types (SIT), exact data match (EDM), fingerprints, trainable classifiers | M02, M04 |
| 2. See what you found | Reports, Data explorer, Activity explorer | M03 |
| 3. Tag and lock files and mail | Sensitivity labels, label policies, auto-labeling | M05 |
| 4. Tag the rest | Labels on teams, sites, meetings, Copilot, Power BI | M06 |
| 5. Reach your own servers | Information protection scanner, DLP on-premises | M07 |
| 6. Know what Microsoft already locks | BitLocker, service encryption, Customer Key, TLS | M08 |
| 7. Lock one email to anyone | Message Encryption, Advanced Message Encryption | M09 |
You scored 4 of 11 on Activity explorer. Read these once. They come back in the quiz.
| You thought | The rule |
|---|---|
| Each solution in a series sounds useful, so Yes. | Judge each solution alone. It must meet every part of the goal. Most series have one Yes. |
| Devices are in Defender for Endpoint, so start onboarding. | They are already onboarded. The first step is the Purview "device monitoring" switch. |
| Activity explorer shows label changes from 50 days ago. | Activity explorer keeps 30 days. Older events: Audit search (180 days in Audit Standard). |
| Exchange retention-label actions are in Activity explorer. | Activity explorer does not track retention for Exchange. Use Audit search. |
| A colleague sees events I don't, so fix collection. | Collection works. It is a permission gap on your account. |
| Information Protection Readers alone opens Activity explorer. | Readers needs Admins with it. Information Protection Analysts is the narrow fix. |
| Investigators is the second key for content explorer. | Readers opens the tab. Content Explorer List Viewer lists the items. Investigators is too broad. |
| If the stem says | Answer with |
|---|---|
| "pattern-based", fixed format (CUST-1234-5678) | Custom SIT with a regular expression |
| only the real values in our HR or CRM table | EDM SIT |
| a standard form or template | Document fingerprinting |
| no pattern: CVs, contracts, source code | Trainable classifier |
| how much, trend, adoption | Reports |
| which files have label X now, and where | Data explorer (Content explorer in older items) |
| who changed or removed the label, last 30 days | Activity explorer |
| same, but older than 30 days | Audit search |
| encrypt, watermark, header | Inside the label |
| who sees labels, default label, mandatory, justification | Label publishing policy |
| label files nobody opens, PDFs, simulation | Auto-labeling policy (service-side) |
| recommend a label while the user types | Auto-labeling setting inside the label (client-side) |
| team private, no guests, unmanaged devices | Label with Groups & sites scope |
| Groups & sites is greyed out | EnableMIPLabels = True, then Execute-AzureADLabelSync |
| Copilot cannot summarize an encrypted file | The user lacks the EXTRACT right |
| label files on an on-premises share or SharePoint Server | Information protection scanner |
| own, rotate or revoke the root key | Customer Key |
| Microsoft must never decrypt | Double Key Encryption (DKE) |
| encrypt mail to Gmail, no software needed | Message Encryption |
| must not forward, print or copy | Do Not Forward (not Encrypt-Only) |
| Wording | What it means |
|---|---|
| "Each correct answer presents part of the solution" | The keys work together. You need all of them. |
| "Each correct answer presents a complete solution" | Each key works alone. |
| "Least privilege" | The narrowest built-in role that fully works. |
| "Minimize administrative effort" | The built-in or automatic option wins. |
| "Solution: … Does this meet the goal?" | Judge this solution alone. Ignore the others in the series. |
| "In sequence" | Prerequisites first. |
M01 is the map of all Purview tools. M02 teaches the two ways to recognize content.
| Need | Control | Not this |
|---|---|---|
| Protection that travels with the file | Sensitivity label | DLP. It acts at the moment of an action and does not travel. |
| Stop or warn when a user shares, emails, copies, pastes into AI | DLP policy | A label alone |
| Patterns of risky behavior over time (mass download before leaving) | Insider Risk Management | Audit. Audit records; it does not score. |
| Raw record of every user and admin action | Audit | Activity explorer (30 days, labels and DLP only) |
| SIT | Trainable classifier | |
|---|---|---|
| Recognizes | A pattern or a word list | A kind of document, by meaning |
| Pick it when the stem says | "format", "number", "ID", "pattern-based" | "no consistent keywords", "résumés", "source code", "contracts" |
| Communication Compliance | Yes | Microsoft pretrained classifiers only. Custom ones are not supported. |
| Encrypted items | Not the deciding fact on the exam | Not classified. "Classifiers only work with items that aren't encrypted." |
| Reports | Data explorer | Activity explorer | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Question | How much? | What, and where? | Who did what, when? |
| Data | Summaries | Current snapshot of classified items | Events from the unified audit log |
| Time | 30-day rolling window | Now. Counts lag up to 7 days (14 for SharePoint) | Last 30 days. 60–90 min delay |
| Needs auditing on? | Yes | No | Yes |
| Narrowest viewer | Information Protection Readers | Tab role group + List viewer (+ Content viewer to open items) | Information Protection Analysts |
| Older than 30 days? | Gone unless saved as PDF | Not about time | Audit search (180 days Standard) |
| Need | Give |
|---|---|
| Read reports only, change nothing | Information Protection Readers. In older DLP-report items with Microsoft 365 roles only: Security Reader. |
| Open Activity explorer, no policy rights | Information Protection Analysts. Readers works only together with Admins. |
| See the list of items in Data explorer, not the content | A role group that opens the tab + List viewer |
| Open the item content | Content viewer. It does not include List viewer. Give both if both are needed. |
Source checked today: Activity explorer accepts "Information Protection Admins & Information Protection Readers (both role groups needs to be assigned)". Information Protection Analyst: "Access and manage DLP alerts and activity explorer. View-only access to DLP policies."
| Policy | DLP match and alert? |
|---|---|
| One rule that only allows, no audit | No |
| Rule 1 allows, Rule 2 audits | Yes, for Rule 2 |
| An audit log retention policy | No. It only keeps records longer. |
| Defender for Cloud Apps file policies | No. Not a DLP source for Activity explorer. |
This table is the whole SC401-110 series. One Yes, two No.
| The data looks like | Use |
|---|---|
| A public format: card number, IBAN, passport | Built-in SIT. You cannot edit it. You can copy it. |
| Your own format: EMP-482913 | Custom SIT with a regular expression |
| Real values in a database, changing daily | EDM SIT |
| One standard form that people fill in | Document fingerprint |
| Names, street addresses, medical terms | Named entity SIT. No edit, no copy. |
| Passwords, API keys, connection strings | Credential SIT |
| Thousands of words that change often | Keyword dictionary |
| Keyword list | Keyword dictionary | |
|---|---|---|
| Lives | Inside one SIT | On its own, shared by many SITs |
| Size | Up to 2,048 terms | Large. 1 MB compressed for all dictionaries in the tenant |
| Pick it when the stem says | "a few terms" in one SIT | "thousands of terms", "update often", PowerShell New-DlpKeywordDictionary |
| If the stem says | It lives in |
|---|---|
| Encrypt, watermark, header, scope, sublabel | The label |
| Who sees labels, default label, mandatory, justification, help link | The label publishing policy |
| Recommend while the user types | Client-side auto-labeling inside the label |
| Files at rest, mail in transit, simulation, PDFs | Auto-labeling policy |
| Client-side (in the label) | Service-side (policy) | |
|---|---|---|
| Runs in | Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, while a user edits | SharePoint, OneDrive (at rest), Exchange (in transit) |
| Needs a user to open the file | Yes | No |
| Recommend, user can override | Yes | No |
| Simulation | No | Yes, required once. About 12 hours. |
| No | Yes, once PDF support is on | |
| Markings on files | Yes | No. Headers and watermarks are not applied by the policy. |
Ceiling: 500,000 auto-labeled SharePoint and OneDrive files per tenant per day. Checked today. The training text says 1 million; learn 500,000.
| Assign permissions now | Let users assign permissions | |
|---|---|---|
| Who decides | The admin, in the label | The user, when applying it |
| Expiry, offline access | Yes | No |
| Usable by SharePoint/OneDrive auto-labeling | Yes, if expiry is Never | No |
| Example | "Partners": fabrikam.com can view | Do Not Forward on an email |
| Stem says | Pick | Not |
|---|---|---|
| "Owners must not add guests" | External user access (cleared) | External sharing setting |
| "Files must not be shared outside" | External sharing from labeled sites | External user access |
| "Browser only on personal devices" | Unmanaged devices: limited, web-only | Authentication context |
| "MFA for this site only" | Authentication context | Unmanaged devices |
| "Every new file in this library must be Confidential" | Library default label (Files scope) | Site label (Groups & sites scope) |
| "Users must not copy content" | Label encryption without EXTRACT | DLP for Copilot |
| "Copilot must not use files labeled X, users work as normal" | DLP policy, location Microsoft 365 Copilot and Copilot Chat | Removing EXTRACT |
| Files are | Pick |
|---|---|
| On SMB/NFS shares or SharePoint Server | Information protection scanner |
| In SharePoint Online, OneDrive, Exchange Online | Auto-labeling policy |
| On a device while a user copies, prints, uploads | Endpoint DLP |
| Exchange Server, SharePoint Server, FCI: protect only, no classification | RMS connector |
| In non-Microsoft cloud apps | Defender for Cloud Apps |
| Symptom | Fix |
|---|---|
| Scanner runs, no labels appear | Enforce = On, then Rescan all files |
| New settings, old files unchanged | Rescan all files / Start-Scan -Reset |
| Start-Scan does nothing | Schedule is Always. Start-Scan is for Manual jobs. |
| Files it cannot inspect stay unlabeled | Set a default label |
| .zip content not inspected | Install the Microsoft Office IFilter |
| Cannot open encrypted files | Make the scanner account a super user |
| DLP matches, but permissions unchanged | The DLP policy is still in simulation |
| Layer | Who turns it on | Follows the file out of Microsoft 365? |
|---|---|---|
| BitLocker (disk) | Microsoft. Always on. | No |
| Service encryption | Microsoft. Always on. Top key: Microsoft or Customer Key. | No |
| Item encryption (label, Message Encryption, DKE) | You, per label or rule | Yes |
| TLS (on the move) | Microsoft. TLS 1.2 or higher. | Only while moving |
| Feature | The one question it answers |
|---|---|
| Customer Key | Who owns the root key for data at rest in Microsoft datacenters? |
| Double Key Encryption | How do I make a file Microsoft can never decrypt? (Search, eDiscovery, Copilot stop working on it.) |
| Bring Your Own Key (BYOK) | Who owns the root key behind labels and Message Encryption? |
| Customer Lockbox | Who approves a Microsoft engineer looking at my content? (Global Administrator or Customer Lockbox access approver) |
| Message Encryption | How do I send an email that stays encrypted at the recipient? |
| Pick this | When the stem says |
|---|---|
| Message Encryption | "external recipients", "any email address", "Gmail", "no special software" |
| Do Not Forward | "must not forward, print or copy". Encrypt-Only allows all three. |
| S/MIME | "digital signature", "certificates", "peer-to-peer" |
| TLS | "between mail servers", "the connection", "partner connector" |
| Mail flow rule | DLP policy | |
|---|---|---|
| Condition is about | The message: recipient, domain, sender, subject | Sensitive content, same policy for other locations |
| Where | Exchange admin center › Mail flow › Rules | Purview portal › Data loss prevention |
| Pick it when | "All mail to partner.com, least effort"; branding; removing encryption | "Alerts, policy tips, reports"; content also in SharePoint, Teams, devices |
| Goal | Answer |
|---|---|
| Only prerequisite | Azure Rights Management active. AD RMS must be migrated first. Checked today on "Set up Message Encryption". |
| Is it on? | Get-IRMConfiguration → AzureRMSLicensingEnabled = True |
| Does it work? | Test-IRMConfiguration -Sender … (-Sender is mandatory) |
| Logo, colour, texts | Set-OMEConfiguration on "OME Configuration" |
| More than one template | New-OMEConfiguration. Needs Advanced Message Encryption (E5). |
| Expire the mail | Custom template, -ExternalMailExpiryInDays 1–730, external readers only |
| Revoke | Link-based readers only (Gmail, Yahoo). Admin: Set-OMEMessageRevocation. |
| Did the partner open it? | Set-IRMConfiguration -EnablePortalTrackingLogs $true, then Audit › Encrypted message portal activities |
The exam puts these in drop-downs. The wrong options come from the wrong module. Learn which shell each one runs in.
Each line was checked against Microsoft Learn in its module thread (M04 to M09). A separate PowerShell 101 page for the exam is being built in its own thread.
| Goal | Command | Runs in | Mod |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hash the EDM table on a secure PC | EdmUploadAgent.exe /CreateHash | EDM Upload Agent (Command Prompt) | M04 |
| Upload the hash | EdmUploadAgent.exe /UploadHash | EDM Upload Agent | M04 |
| Hash and upload in one step | EdmUploadAgent.exe /UploadData | EDM Upload Agent | M04 |
| Create a keyword dictionary | New-DlpKeywordDictionary -FileData | Security & Compliance PowerShell | M04 |
| Test a SIT against text | Test-DataClassification | Security & Compliance PowerShell | M04 |
| Allow labels on groups | EnableMIPLabels = True via Update-MgBetaDirectorySetting | Microsoft Graph PowerShell | M06 |
| Sync labels to Entra ID | Execute-AzureADLabelSync | Security & Compliance PowerShell | M06 |
| Install the scanner | Install-Scanner -SqlServerInstance -Cluster | Scanner server (PurviewInformationProtection module) | M07 |
| Token for unattended scanner | Set-Authentication -AppId -AppSecret -TenantId -DelegatedUser | Scanner server | M07 |
| Discovery to enforcement | Set-ScannerContentScan -Schedule Always -Enforce On | Scanner server | M07 |
| Rescan every file | Start-Scan -Reset | Scanner server | M07 |
| Is Message Encryption on? | Get-IRMConfiguration (AzureRMSLicensingEnabled) | Exchange Online PowerShell | M09 |
| Test Message Encryption | Test-IRMConfiguration -Sender | Exchange Online PowerShell | M09 |
| Change default branding | Set-OMEConfiguration -Identity "OME Configuration" | Exchange Online PowerShell | M09 |
| New branding template (E5) | New-OMEConfiguration | Exchange Online PowerShell | M09 |
| Revoke an encrypted mail | Set-OMEMessageRevocation -Revoke $true -MessageId | Exchange Online PowerShell | M09 |
| Encrypt PDFs too | Set-IRMConfiguration -EnablePdfEncryption $true | Exchange Online PowerShell | M09 |
Vendor items first, then original items, then a few new ones where the bank is thin. Modules are mixed on purpose.
Click an answer. The key and the explanation open at once. For "select two/three", click each choice.
Paste the text back in the thread. I grade it, update the ledger and plan the re-tests.
0.85. Every quiz key was checked against Microsoft Learn in its module thread (M01–M09, 3–11 November 2026). On 11 November I re-checked the facts this page leans on most: EDM refresh (5 per 24 hours), Activity explorer (30 days, role groups), auto-labeling ceiling (500,000 per day), trainable classifiers (no retraining, Communication Compliance pretrained only) and Message Encryption prerequisites (Azure Rights Management, AD RMS migration, Test-IRMConfiguration).